Bhaja Govindam - Post 2

Dear All,

Today's post is in continuation with the last post on the verse 1.

Para and Apara Vidya

Life is a travel from here to beyond.

Whatever man is, it is the outcome of his past. So, he can only make a bright future for himself by his conduct in the present.

The secular development (out of Apara Vidya) goes to help only in external development.

However, self-conquest and spiritual evolvement are most necessary for a peaceful life and for achieving a wholesome, integrated personality.

Even a king, if he has not conquered his mind, will be a slave at the hands of his desires.

On the other hand, even a beggar, who has conquered his mind and is into the spiritual path, experiences that he is the king of all kings, emperor of emperor!!

This is not to undermine the need for secular knowledge. One does have to acquire secular knowledge to earn for his family, for maintaining a decent family and to be respected in society etc. But all the while, one must be aware of the limitation of secular knowledge and must take to the adhyatmic path, the spiritual path, even when one is young.

A big misapprehension in the minds of most human beings is that taking to spiritual path while one is young, may result in dispassion for life, for family, for aesthetic enjoyments etc.

This is only a misapprehension. Being spiritual only helps one to lead life in a better manner, to love one's family and all others more, to be able to forgive anybody for their mistakes easily and in nutshell, to spread happiness in both, family as well in the society.

Nahi Nahi Rakshati

On the face of it, the last 2 lines of the 1^st verse suggests that when the call of yama comes, when the death approaches, except for one's incessant remembrance of Govinda (God / Self knowledge), any other knowledge, any other attainment in material world will not save him.

On listening to this, one may say, "I shall enjoy my whole life and when death approaches me, I shall chant Govinda, I shall chant God's name and attain salvation".

We often hear a story about a rich businessman who was fully involved in his business, in making money.

He had 4 sons and going by the logic given above, he named all his sons as Govinda, Gopala, Narayana etc.  He thought, when his death approaches, he shall but call out name of his sons and thereby, with Lord's name on his tongue, he shall die and attain mukthi.

The last day does come in his life, he does call out his sons names, all of them rush to him and he says, "Foolish fellows, if all of you leave the shop and come, who will take care of the shop", and, with this thought, he dies!!!

In Tamil, there is a saying, “what does not blossom in 5 (when one is 5 year old or when one is a child), will not blossom in 50 (or when one gets older)".

We have to learn that the seeds for Godly path have to be sowed when one is a child so that when he grows up, this seed blossoms to a magnificent tree!!

Without that, if one thinks that one can suddenly take to spiritual path when one is tired, when one is in sick bed, it just does not happen. His physical body will not have strength to take up prayers, meditation etc.

Krishna says to Arjuna, 

"tasmaat servesu khalesu maam anusmaraa"

(Therefore, at all times, constantly remember me)

So, with this clarity, let us go back from where we started

"Bhaja Govindam"!!!

Love.

Bhaja Govindam - Post 1

भज गोविन्दं भज गोविन्दं गोविन्दं भज मूढमते ।

सम्प्राप्ते सन्निहिते काले नहि नहि रक्षति डुकृङ्करणे ॥ १॥

BHAJA GOVINDAṀ BHAJA GOVINDAṀ GOVINDAṀ BHAJAMŪḌHAMaATE

SAMPRĀPTE SANNIHITE KAĀLE NAHI NAHI RAKŚATI ḌUKṚÑ KARAṆE

[Seek Govinda, Seek Govinda, Seek Govinda, O Fool! When the appointed time (death) comes grammar-rules surely will not save you.]

Govinda – Govinda is to be understood as:-

One who realized the substratum, or the very essence –   the Truth. 

One, who protects the cattle, or the very essence behind all living things. 

He who confers speech – or one who enlivens all sense organs 

He who is known through the Vedas – the supreme reality indicated by the Maha Vakyas 

In short, Govinda is the supreme Brahman or the Atman. 

The significance of repetition of Bhaja Govindam

This line conveys the remedy for all our ills, whether physical, mental or spiritual. The line is a refrain sung at the end of each verse. It therefore underlines the central message of the entire poem. Bhaja “Worship!” says the poet. Worship whom? – Govinda, the Lord!!!

Devotees, here, when we extend the expression “Bhaja” to our singing “Bhajans”, then what does it convey??

The true Bhajan is total subjective surrender in love and devotion at the altar of the Lord.  Every week when sit in the hall and the Bhajan starts, our entire identity must dissolve at the lotus feet of our Lord and we have to merge with our Lord, at least during that one hour duration!!

We sometimes end up praising our own bhajan rendering and lose sight of the very essence, very object of worship - BHAGAWAN!!!!

Govinda is gone, only interesting bhajans remains!!!!

Govindam Bhaja

To ensure that the message reaches to one and all, Sankara repeats the instruction, this time switching the words around so that the emphasis is on God.

To ensure that the devotee does not get caught up with the nuances of Bhaja and Bhajans and in the process, lose cognizance of the Lord, the poet repeats, placing the Lord’s name first and sings - GOVINDAM BHAJA!!

Exactly as a bhajan starts with “SAI OM SAI OM SAI OM” instead of starting with OM SAI or OM SAINATHA or OM IS SAI!!!

The purpose as though is, “NEVER LOSE SIGHT / REMEMBRANCE OF GOD, EVEN FOR A FRACTION OF A SECOND.”

Moodhamate:

If we are not turning towards God, then we are fools, says the poet. It is not time to be too polite. This is a wake-up call to sleeping mankind. We are so immersed in forgetfulness of God that only a harsh means can turn our minds Godward. 

In the language of Sankaracharya, Moodha has a Vedantic connotation. It does not mean “foolish” as we usually understand the word. It is referring to one who is spiritually ignorant. 

One may be highly intelligent, be successful in all his endeavor in his life, may be rich, powerful, influential etc., but may still be ignorant of the purpose of his life, may be ignorant of spiritual teachings and may be ignorant of need for Spiritual Sadhana.

 Kaale

“The appointed time”, also has an implied meaning. It stands for “death”. At the time of our birth, our death has already been decided. 

A reminder of death is appropriate to the awakening call of the poet. Only death has the power to knock some sense into our deluded minds. It has a sobering effect on us to curb our unbridled romp with indulgence. 

Man's life is but a short period and before the dissolution of his body, he has to find out the technique by which eternal freedom can be attained. 

He should not dissipate his energies in diverse mundane pursuits but should devote himself to God realization / Self Realization.

He has to pay only minimum required attention as is enough to lead a simple and decent life and devote the rest of his time in Spiritual sadhana

Dukrin karane

“Grammar rules”. The word comes from the ‘Kru’ Dhatu and is the root for Karma or action. It has to be taken to represent all secular forms of knowledge – i.e. Apara Vidya. 

The difference between secular and spiritual knowledge will be taken up in greater detail when we study the Upanishads, but here it is enough to know that ‘Apara’ Vidya is knowledge that will assist us only in getting on in the world. 

The higher ‘Para’ Vidya deals with knowledge of Brahman or the Self, and is of a totally different nature and purpose from the former. 

Not only that, but there is a suggestion that taking recourse solely to actions (from the root ‘Krn’, “to do”) will not help us spiritually; knowledge is what is needed. There is no escape from knowledge on the path to liberation. 

We may start with “doing”, but we have to end in our quest by “being”. 

Only actions cannot lead to moksha is perhaps the essence of the line “nahi nahi rakshati Dukrin Karane”. (A detailed explanation is given in Step 6 of this post Step 6: Avidya-Kama-Karma….)

Actions or, let us say, ritualistic actions / prayers / study of spiritual texts / monotonous chanting of Lord’s names etc.- all these may have some impact for some time but will definitely not help us when the call of death comes to us!!!

So, for moving from death to deathlessness, from mrtyu to amrtam, what is needed?

“BHAJA GOVINDAM”

(Engage in incessant prayers / worship of God / Self)

i.e., attaining Govinda, the chosen Lord in form, and dissolving ourselves in our Love for God in the path of devotion;

or 

Through sravanam, mananam and nidhidhyasanam, experiencing the inner subjective experience of   SELF / ATMAN in the path of Jnana.

Sankara's call through this verse, as though, is:-

"Seek, Seek, Seek the Self,

Seek, Seek, Seek the Self alone".

Love.

Ramakrishna

While a bell is being rung, the repeated ding-dongs can be distinguished one from the other, but when we stop ringing, then an undistinguishable sound only remains audible. We can easily distinguish one note from the other, as if each distinct note had a certain shape; but the continued and unbroken sound when the ding-dongs have ceased is indistinguishable, as if formless. Like the sound of the bell, God is both with and without form.

Two persons were hotly disputing as to the colour of a chameleon. One said, 'The chameleon on that palm-tree is of a beautiful red colour.' The other, contradicting him, said, 'You are mistaken, the chameleon is not red, but blue.' Not being able to settle the matter by arguments, both went to the person who always lived under that tree and had watched the chameleon in all its phases of colour.

One of them said, 'Sir, is not the chameleon on that tree of a red colour?' The person replied, 'Yes, sir.' The other disputant said, 'What do you say? How is it? It is not red, it is blue.' That person again humbly replied, 'Yes, sir.' The person knew that the chameleon is an animal that constantly changes its colour; thus it was that he said 'yes' to both these conflicting statements. The Sat-chit-ânanda likewise has various forms. The devotee who has seen God in one aspect only, knows Him in that aspect alone. But he who has seen Him in His manifold aspects, is alone in a position to say, 'All these forms are of one God, for God is multiform.' He has forms and has no forms, and many are His forms which no one knows.

- Sri Ramakrishna Paramahamsa